Abaqhubi beengcango ezityibilikayo abasebenza nzima abalinganisele iiphaneli zeengcango ze-2x250kg ezineemoto ze-DC ezingenamabhrashi ze-24V/120W zibonelela nge-automation ezolileyo, ethembekileyo, nengadingi kulungiswa kakhulu efunwa ziindawo zokulayisha iimpahla kwiindawo zokugcina impahla ezinabantu abaninzi imihla ngemihla.

Kutheni iindawo zokulayisha iimpahla kwiWarehouse ziluvavanyo olunzima kakhulu kubasebenzi beminyango

Ucango lwendlu yokugcina impahla olukwiziko lokusasaza elixakekileyo luvula luze luvale amaxesha angama-200-400 ngosuku — oko kukuthi imijikelo engama-70,000 ukuya kwi-140,000 ngonyaka. Yonke imijikelo ibeka umqhubi wocango kumthwalo opheleleyo woomatshini: khawulezisa iphaneli yocango ukusuka kwi-zero ukuya malunga ne-0.3-0.5 yeemitha ngomzuzwana, gcina isantya esingaguqukiyo ngexesha lokuhamba, yehla ngokukhawuleza ukuya kuma, kwaye ubambe isikhundla ngokuchasene noxinzelelo lomoya, umahluko woxinzelelo lomoya kwiinkqubo ze-HVAC, kunye nokungqubana okungenakuphepheka okuvela kwithrafikhi ye-forklift. Uninzi lwabaqhubi beengcango zorhwebo benzelwe imijikelo engama-20-50 ngosuku kwiindawo zorhwebo okanye eofisini. Beka enye yazo kwindawo yokugcina impahla, kwaye iya kusilela kwiinyanga ezi-6-12 — ndikubonile oku kwenzeka amaxesha amaninzi kunokuba ndinokubala.

Igama lam ndingu-Edison, kwaye njengoMphathi weNtengiso kwiNingbo Yufan Beifan Automatic Door Co., ndisebenza nabaphathi bezakhiwo zoshishino, abacwangcisi beziko lezothutho, kunye nabahlanganisi beenkqubo zeengcango kumazwe angaphezu kwama-30 ukucacisa abaqhubi beengcango abanokusinda kwezi ndawo zinzima. Ingcaciso enye eyahlula umqhubi weengcango zoshishino ofanelekileyo kulowo uza kuba yintloko yokulungisa yiteknoloji yemoto - kwaye ngokukodwa, nokuba imoto isebenzisa iibhrashi zekhabhoni ukutshintsha okanye ukulawula nge-elektroniki. Umahluko kubomi benkonzo phakathi kwezi teknoloji zimbini ulinganiswa ngokuphindaphinda, kungekhona iipesenti, kwaye uguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwixabiso lilonke lobunini kubomi benkonzo yokwakha yomnyango yeminyaka eli-15-20.

Ngokwembono yokuthobela imithetho, abasebenzi abasebenzayo kwiingcango zemizi-mveliso enzima kufuneka bahlangabezaneImigangatho yokhuseleko loomatshini ye-ISOkwiingcango zabahambi ngeenyawo kunye nezemizi-mveliso ezisebenza ngombane, kunyeIzikhokelo ze-SAE zoshishino ezizenzekelayoezichaza umda wamandla, ukufunyanwa kokuthintelwa, kunye neemfuno zokuphuma ngexesha likaxakeka. I-voltage yokusebenza ye-24V yenza kube lula ukuthobela imiyalelo yokhuseleko ye-voltage ephantsi kakhulu - inkqubo ye-24V inokufakelwa ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuxhuma i-voltage ephantsi endaweni yentambo exhonyiweyo kunye nomjelo wesinyithi ofunekayo kubaqhubi beengcango ze-line-voltage.

Iimoto ezingenamabhrashi vs. iiBrushed: Isigqibo sobuchwephesha esichaza ubomi benkonzo

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kweemoto zeDC ezibrashiweyo nezingenamabhrashi kulapho kwenzeka khona utshintsho lombane - kwaye ukuqonda lo mahluko kubalulekile kuye nabani na ochaza umqhubi wocango kwiimveliso zemizi-mveliso ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu. Kwimoto ebrashiweyo, iibrashi zekhabhoni zicinezela i-commutator yobhedu ejikelezayo ukuze zitshintshe indlela yangoku kwii-rotor windings njengoko imoto ijika. Olu nxibelelwano loomatshini ludala ukungqubana, ukujikeleza kombane phakathi kwebrashi kunye namacandelo e-commutator, kunye nokuwohloka okuqhubekayo - iibrashi ziyasila ngokoqobo ngokujikeleza ngakunye, zivelisa uthuli lwekhabhoni olungcolisa izinto zangaphakathi zemoto. Imoto ebrashiweyo kumqhubi wocango oqhuba imijikelo engama-80,000 ngonyaka iya kufuna ukutshintshwa kwebrashi kwiiyure ezingama-3,000-5,000, okanye malunga neminyaka emi-2-3 kwinkonzo yokugcina impahla.

Imoto ye-DC engenamabhrashi isusa iibhrashi kunye ne-commutator ngokupheleleyo ngokusebenzisa i-electronic commutation — i-microprocessor kwi-motor controller itshintsha umbane ngokusebenzisa ii-stator windings ngokulandelelana okuchanekileyo, idala i-magnetic field ejikelezayo etsala i-rotor ye-magnet esisigxina. Akukho nxibelelwano loomatshini, akukho kungqubana, akukho arcing, akukho masuntswana okuguga, kwaye akukho ungcoliseko lothuli lwekhabhoni. Izinto ezigugayo kuphela zii-ball bearings ezivaliweyo ezixhasa i-rotor shaft, ezilinganiselwe iiyure ezingama-20,000-30,000 kwimithwalo kunye nesantya esiqhelekileyo senkonzo yomqhubi womnyango. Ngokwendlela esebenzayo, i-motor engenamabhrashi efakwe kwi-operator yomnyango we-warehouse namhlanje iya kusebenza kakuhle xa iphaneli yomnyango ngokwayo ifikelela esiphelweni sobomi bayo benkonzo kwaye ifuna ukutshintshwa.

Ingcaciso ye-24V/120W ifanelwe yingcaciso ethile, kuba i-120 watts ibonakala ilula xa kushukunyiswa ucango oluyi-500 kg. Isitshixo sisinciphisi segiya ye-helical worm esidityanisiweyo esinomlinganiselo we-15:1, esiguqula i-3,000 RPM yemoto ibe yi-200 RPM output speed efunekayo ukuze kushukunyiswe ucango olugudileyo nolulawulwayo. Ukunciphisa igiya kwandisa i-torque yemoto malunga namaxesha ali-12-14 (kubalwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwegiya kwe-85-90% kwiseti yegiya ye-worm), siguqula i-0.38 Nm ye-torque yemoto ye-120W ibe malunga ne-4.5-5.0 Nm kwi-gear output shaft ye-gear. Le torque output, esetyenziswa ngegiya ye-pinion edibanisa i-toothed rack kwiphaneli yocango, ivelisa amandla angqalileyo afunekayo ukukhawulezisa i-500 kg yobunzima bocango olusasazekileyo kwi-0.3 m/s squared - ukukhawulezisa okugudileyo nokulawulwayo okunciphisa ukuguguleka kwenkqubo yocango lonke.

Uyilo lwegiya elijikelezileyo ngaphakathi kwebhokisi yegiya lubonelela ngenzuzo eyongezelelweyo ngaphaya kokuphindaphinda kwe-torque: lunciphisa ingxolo yokusebenza nge-10-15 dB xa kuthelekiswa nokudluliselwa kwegiya eli-spur elinqunyiwe ngokuthe tye. Kwindawo yokulayisha impahla yokugcina impahla apho ucango lusebenza amaxesha angama-300 ngosuku ngaphakathi kwendlebe yabasebenzi bokuthumela nokwamkela, olu nciphiso lwengxolo luguqula ucango ukusuka ekuphazamisekeni okuvakalayo ukuya kwisandi sangasemva abasebenzi abangasiboniyo emva kweveki yokuqala yokusebenza. Uyilo oludibeneyo - i-motor, i-gearbox, kunye ne-Hall-effect position sensor kwi-home enye ene-IP54-rated - ikwasusa inkqubo yokulungelelanisa phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-motor kunye ne-gearbox ezibangela inxalenye ebalulekileyo yexesha lokufakelwa kwiinkqubo zesiqhelo zomqhubi wocango.

Ukusasazwa kobunzima bePaneli yoMnyango: Kutheni i-2x250kg ibalulekile kuyilo lofakelo

Ukuchaza umthamo womqhubi njenge-2x250kg endaweni yokuba ngumfanekiso omnye we-500kg kubonisa ulwakhiwo lokwenyani lweengcango zokutyibilika zemizi-mveliso. Uninzi lweengcango zokulayisha i-warehouse bay zisebenzisa ulwakhiwo lwe-biparting - iiphaneli ezimbini ezityibilikayo zahlulwe embindini - apho iphaneli nganye inobunzima be-200-300 kg kwaye ikhwele iseti yayo yee-hanger rollers kunye necandelo layo lendlela yokwakha. Uvavanyo lwe-2x250kg luthetha ukuba umqhubi wenzelwe ukuqhuba zombini iiphaneli ngaxeshanye ngenkqubo ye-synxed belt drive, apho iphaneli nganye ibeka umthwalo ofikelela kwi-250 kg kuqhagamshelo lwayo lwe-drive. Olu lungiselelo lusasazekileyo lunciphisa imithwalo yamanqaku axineneyo kwisakhiwo sesakhiwo, luvumela ukusetyenziswa kweeprofayili zendlela yomnyango eqhelekileyo, kwaye lubonelela ngokungafuneki kokusebenza - ukuba iphaneli enye iyaxinga ngenxa yenkunkuma kwi-track, i-clutch mechanism iyayisusa i-drive yephaneli ngelixa enye iphaneli isenokufuduswa ngesandla ukuze iphume ngokukhawuleza.

Iphaneli yomnyango wesango lokufaka imithwalo yentsimbi egqunyiweyo enobubanzi obuziimitha ezi-3 ngemitha ezi-4 ukuphakama, eyakhiwe ngeepaneli zesandwich ezizaliswe yi-polyurethane ezinobukhulu obuyi-40mm kwaye ziqiniswe ngefreyimu yentsimbi egayiweyo, inobunzima obumalunga ne-180-220 kg ngokuxhomekeke kwigeyiji yentsimbi kunye noxinano lwe-insulation. Iipaneli ezimbini ezinjalo kulungiselelo lwe-biparting zizonke ziyi-360-440 kg, ekwinqanaba lomqhubi le-2x250kg kunye nomda womthwalo okhululekileyo we-10-28%. Lo mda uvumela umthwalo womoya (owongeza amandla angama-200-300 N kwiphaneli ye-12 m² kumoya we-50 km/h), ukuqokelelwa komkhenkce okuncinci kwiindawo ezibandayo, kunye nokwanda kancinci kokumelana nokuqengqeleka njengoko ukuthambisa kwendlela yomnyango kuncipha phakathi kwezithuba zokugcinwa.Ikhathalogu yomqhubi womnyango we-YFBFibandakanya iitafile zokubala umthwalo ezineenkcukacha ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulungiselelo oluthile lwephaneli yomnyango, kuquka uhlobo lomkhondo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo, luwela ngaphakathi komthamo womqhubi olinganisiweyo.

Ukufakela Iindlela Ezilungileyo Zokusebenza Kwabasebenzi Abasebenza Ngomnyango Onzima

Eyona mpazamo ixhaphakileyo endidibana nayo ekufakeni — kwaye ngokusekelwe kwiifowuni zenkonzo eziphathwa yiqela lethu lenkxaso yobugcisa, ibandakanya malunga ne-35% yazo zonke iingxaki emva kokufakelwa — kukuxinana kwebhanti okungafanelekanga phakathi kwephini yokukhupha yomqhubi kunye nerakhi yokuqhuba yephaneli yomnyango. Ibhanti yexesha elithumela amandla ukusuka kumqhubi ukuya emnyango kufuneka ixinwe ngokweemfuno zomenzi, apho kumqhubi we-YF150 yi-120-150 N yoxinzelelo olungaguqukiyo kwibhanti yeprofayili ye-HTD eyi-15mm ububanzi. Iibhanti ezingaphantsi koxinzelelo ziyawa amazinyo ngexesha lesigaba sokukhawulezisa, okubangela ukuba ucango lujike, lume, okanye luyeke phakathi kohambo — impazamo umlawuli wocango ayitolika njengesithintelo, ebangela ukuguquka okungeyomfuneko. Iibhanti ezixineneyo kakhulu zibeka imithwalo ye-radial eninzi kwiibheringi zeshaft zokuphuma kwemoto, zikhawulezisa ukuguguleka kweebheringi kwaye zinokunciphisa ubomi benkonzo ngama-50% nangaphezulu.

Uxinzelelo oluchanekileyo lunokuqinisekiswa ngovavanyo olulula lokujika olungafuneki zixhobo zikhethekileyo. Faka amandla amalunga nama-20 N (malunga nobunzima obuyi-2 kg ubunzima) kwindawo ephakathi yebhanti ende engaxhaswayo. Ibhanti kufuneka ijika ibe yi-8-10 mm ubude bayo buyi-300 mm. Ukuba ukujika kudlula i-10 mm, yonyusa uxinzelelo. Ukuba ukujika kungaphantsi kwe-5 mm, yehlisa uxinzelelo. Olu vavanyo lwemizuzwana engama-30, olwenziwa xa kufakelwa kwaye luqinisekiswe kwisithuba senkonzo seenyanga ezi-3 kunye neenyanga ezili-12, luthintela uninzi lweengxaki zokusebenza ezinxulumene nebhanti.

Ufakelo lombane lulula ngenxa yevolthi yokusebenza ye-24V. Umsebenzisi ufuna umbane omnye we-24V DC olinganiselwe kwi-150W (obonelela nge-25% margin ngaphezu komthamo ophezulu we-120W wemoto), uqhagamshelo kwinkqubo yolawulo lomnyango ngokusebenzisa i-dry-contact relay inputs ukuze kuvuleke/kuvaliwe/kumiswe imiyalelo, kunye nokudibanisa kwisekethe yesensa yokhuseleko - ii-photocells okanye imiphetho yokhuseleko ebuthathaka kuxinzelelo ebona izithintelo kwaye ibangele umjikelo wokumisa nokubuyela umva ngoko nangoko. Ngenxa yokuba yonke into isebenza kwi-24V, zonke iintambo zombane zingasebenza kwi-conduit yePVC eqhelekileyo okanye nakwiitreyi zekhebula eziveziweyo, zisusa imfuneko ye-conduit yesinyithi, iibhokisi ze-junction ezimelana nemozulu, kunye nophawu lombane olunelayisenisi olufunekayo kufakelo lomnyango we-line-voltage. Kwindawo eqhelekileyo yokufaka i-warehouse eneminyango emi-4, ukonga iindleko zombane ukusuka ekusebenzeni kwe-24V kuphela kudla ukusuka kwi-USD 800 ukuya kwi-USD 1,500 xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela ze-line-voltage.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Ndingafumanisa njani ukuba umqhubi womnyango onobukhulu be-2x250kg ulingana ngokwaneleyo nomgangatho womnyango wam?

Bala ubunzima obupheleleyo bokuhamba kwenkqubo yakho yocango ngokushwankathela ubunzima bephaneli yocango (ukusuka kwiinkcukacha zomenzi okanye ezibalwe ngokwemilinganiselo yephaneli kunye noxinano lwezinto), ubunzima bee-hanger rollers kunye neebrackets zokufakela (ngesiqhelo i-5-10 kg ngephaneli), kunye nezibonelelo zomthwalo wokusingqongileyo. Kwiingcango zangaphandle, yongeza i-10-15% yoxinzelelo lomoya - iphaneli ye-3m x 4m kwi-50 km/h ifumana amandla omoya angama-200-300 N ongezelelweyo ekufuneka umqhubi awoyise. Kwiifektri zemozulu ebandayo, yongeza i-5% yokuqokelelana komkhenkce okunokwenzeka. Ukuba umthwalo obaliweyo ngephaneli nganye ungaphakathi kwe-80% yereyithingi ye-250kg (200 kg), umqhubi unomda owaneleyo. Ukuba ungaphezulu kwe-90% (225 kg), cinga ngomqhubi omkhulu okanye izinto zephaneli ezikhaphukhaphu - iiphaneli ezinesikhumba se-aluminium ezine-polyurethane foam cores zinobunzima obumalunga ne-40% ngaphantsi kuneephaneli ezinesikhumba sentsimbi ezifanayo.

Yintoni eyenza i-motor ye-YF150 engenamabhrashi yahluke kwezinye ii-motor zomnyango ze-24V?

I-YF150 idibanisa i-motor ye-DC engenamabhrashi, i-helical worm gear reducer, kunye ne-Hall-effect rotor position sensor kwi-single IP54-rated sealed housing — isusa inkqubo yokulungelelanisa phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-motor kunye ne-gearbox ezibangela inxalenye enkulu yomsebenzi wokufakela. I-Hall-effect sensor inika impendulo echanekileyo yendawo ye-rotor kwi-motor controller, ivumela ukukhawulezisa okuthe tye kunye neeprofayili zokunciphisa isantya ezinciphisa ukubetheka koomatshini kwiphaneli yomnyango kunye nenkqubo yethrekhi ngama-30-40% xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo lwe-motor olungenama-sensor. Uyilo lwe-helical gear lusebenza ngaphantsi kwama-50 dB — luthule ngokwaneleyo ukuba abasebenzi be-warehouse abasebenza ngaphakathi kweemitha ezi-5 ukusuka kumqhubi womnyango banokubamba incoko eqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuphakamisa amazwi abo. I-zinc alloy synchronous pulley kwi-drive train ifunxa ukungcangcazela kwaye imelane nokwaluphala, inegalelo ngakumbi kuzinzo lokusebenza lwexesha elide lwenkqubo.

Ngaba umqhubi angadityaniswa neenkqubo zolawulo lwezakhiwo kunye nokhuseleko?

I-interface yokulawula eqhelekileyo yamkela izinto ezifakwayo zokunxibelelana ezomileyo zemiyalelo yokuvula, yokuvala, kunye neyokumisa — ehambelana nezitishi zokucofa amaqhosha, iiswitshi zezitshixo, izinzwa zokuhamba, iilophu zokufumanisa izithuthi, kunye neziphumo zokudlulisela ezivela kulawulo lwesakhiwo okanye kwiinkqubo zolawulo lokufikelela. Imodyuli yonxibelelwano olukhethiweyo ye-RS485 yongeza inkxaso yeprotocol yeModbus RTU yokudibanisa ukwenziwa kwe-PLC, evumela ukujonga kude imeko yomnyango (evulekileyo, evaliweyo, ephosakeleyo), ukubalwa kwemijikelo yolondolozo lokuthintela ngokusekelwe ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela endaweni yexesha lekhalenda, kunye nokudibanisa okudibeneyo kweengcango ezininzi — umzekelo, ukuthintela ucango lwe-loading bay ukuba lungavali ngelixa i-dock leveler isebenza. Umsebenzisi ukwabandakanya isibali-xesha esizenzekelayo esicwangcisiweyo esinokulibaziseka kwe-1-60 second, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla okufudumeza kunye nokupholisa kwiingcango ezivulekileyo ngelixa kubonelela ngexesha elaneleyo lokudlula kwesithuthi.

Luluphi ucwangciso lolondolozo olufanele lucwangciswe yindawo yokugcina impahla kwaba baqhubi?

Umqhubi womnyango we-DC ongenabhrashi ufuna ulondolozo oluncinci kakhulu kunezinye iindlela ze-brushed-motor, kodwa iindawo ezine zokuhlola ezicwangcisiweyo ziqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo obuphezulu. Rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3, hlola ibhanti yokuqhuba ukuba ayigugi, ayiqhekekanga, okanye ayiglasi kwaye uqinisekise uxinzelelo ngovavanyo lokujika (jonga i-8-10 mm ngamandla angama-20 N). Rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6, hlamba umzila womnyango kwaye ufake i-silicone lubricant eyomileyo - ii-lubricants ezisekelwe kwioyile, ezitsala uthuli oluphuma emoyeni kwaye zenze intlama erhabaxa ekhawulezisa ukuguguleka kwe-roller kunye ne-track. Rhoqo ngonyaka, hlola ii-hanger roller zephaneli yomnyango - i-roller enye ebanjiweyo yonyusa ubunzima bomnyango obusebenzayo nge-10-15%, igqithise kakhulu umqhubi. Rhoqo ngonyaka, qinisekisa ukuba zonke ii-sensors zokhuseleko zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo ngokuvavanya ngokuphazamiseka kwiindawo ezininzi ecaleni kwendlela yokuhamba komnyango - oku kuyimfuneko yokugcinwa kwaye, kwiindawo ezininzi, imfuneko yokuthobela ukhuseleko ebhaliweyo kwiingcango zemizi-mveliso ezisebenza ngamandla.

Ingaba umqhubi ufanelekile kwiinkonzo zokugcina impahla zangaphandle okanye ezibandayo?

Ewe, ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo lwemozulu. Indlu elinganiswe yi-IP54 ikhusela ekutshizweni ngamanzi kunye nokungena kothuli, ifanelekile ukufakwa phantsi kwekhenophi okanye indawo yokukhusela idokhi. Kwiifektri zangaphandle ezivezwe ngokupheleleyo phantsi kwemvula okanye ikhephu elinamandla, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kufakwe isikhuselo semozulu esongezelelweyo (isinyithi esilula okanye i-polycarbonate). I-voltage yokusebenza ye-24V iluncedo kakhulu ngaphandle kuba isusa umngcipheko wokutshayiswa kombane kwintambo eyonakeleyo - into ebalulekileyo yokuqwalaselwa kokhuseleko apho ithrafikhi ye-forklift idlula rhoqo kufutshane nomsebenzisi. Uluhlu lobushushu bokusebenza oluqala kwi -20 ukuya kwi +60 degrees Celsius lugubungela uninzi lweendawo zokugcina impahla, kwaye kwiifektri ezifakelwa rhoqo ngaphantsi kwe -20 degrees Celsius, ukhetho lwegrisi yokwenziwa yemozulu ebandayo yebhokisi yegiya (indawo yokuthulula ngaphantsi kwe -40 degrees Celsius) iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kokuqala okubandayo ngaphandle kokucotha okuboniswa ziigrisi zepetroli eziqhelekileyo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.