Izisombululo zeMinyango eziSlayidayo eziZenzekelayo zeZakhiwo zeTrafikhi ePhakamileyo

• Iingcango ezingenela abantu abaninzi zifuna inkqubo yomnyango ekhethwe ngokwemithwalo yeebhayisekile, kungekhona nje ngobukhulu bomnyango.
• Abaqhubi beengcango ezityibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo badla ngokuba ngabona bafanelekileyo xa isantya sokuvula kunye nobubanzi bomnyango ziphezulu.
• Ulawulo lokufikelela, izinzwa zokhuseleko, kunye nokufikelela kokugcinwa kubaluleke kakhulu njengamandla emoto.
• Ukukhethwa kwenkqubo yomnyango wezorhwebo kufanele kulungelelanise ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, ixesha lokusebenza, kunye namava omsebenzisi.
• Iimeko zendawo ezifana nobunzulu bentloko, ubunzima bomnyango, kunye nombane zinokugqiba ukuba isisombululo sokutyibilika okanye sokujika sinokwenzeka na.

Izisombululo zocango olutyibilikayo ezizenzekelayo zezakhiwo ezinezithuthi ezininzi zixhomekeke kokungaphezulu kwesantya kuphela: kufuneka zixhase ukusetyenziswa rhoqo, intshukumo ezinzileyo, kunye nokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo phantsi kweemeko zorhwebo.I-ISO 21542ibeka isikhokelo sokufikeleleka kwezakhiwo kwaye igxininisa ukujikeleza okusebenzisekayo, okungenazithintelo, ngelixaIiyunithi zobude be-NIST SIihlala isalathiso sokucwangcisa okuchanekileyo ngokweemilimitha kunye neemitha. Enyanisweni, ucango oluzenzekelayo olucwangcisiweyo lunokunciphisa imiqobo ngexesha leeyure ezixakekileyo, luxhase ukufikelela kwizitulo ezinamavili, kwaye ludibane neenkqubo zokhuseleko kwiinqaba zeeofisi, izibhedlele, kunye neengcango zokuthengisa. Ukuba uthelekisa iintsapho zemveliso,umqhubi wocango olutyibilikayo oluzenzekelayo, umqhubi wocango olujija ngokuzenzekelayokunyeinkqubo yolawulo lokufikelelazezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zokuqala kwiiprojekthi ezininzi.

Kutheni iinkqubo zomnyango otyibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo zisebenza kakuhle kwiindawo zokungena ezinezithuthi ezininzi?

Iinkqubo zomnyango otyibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo zihlala zilona khetho lunamandla xa isakhiwo sifuna amandla aphezulu kunye nokuxinana okuncinci emnyango.

Iingcango ezityibilikayo zihamba zijonge ecaleni endaweni yokuphuma okanye ngaphakathi, ngoko ke zigcina indawo evulekileyo epasejini kwaye zinciphisa ingxabano phakathi kwabahambi ngeenyawo, iinqwelo, iibhedi, kunye nemithwalo.

Loo nzuzo yoyilo ibalulekile kwiindawo ezifana nezibhedlele, ii-lobbies zeeofisi, iivenkile ezithengisa izinto ezijongene neemoto, kunye nezakhiwo zeenkonzo zikawonke-wonke apho imijikelo yokuvula ephindaphindwayo inokubonakalisa ngokukhawuleza izixhobo ezibuthathaka.

Inkqubo yomnyango wezorhwebo yokungena okuxakekileyo kufuneka ihlolwe njengenkqubo yokulawula iimoto, kungekuphela nje njengomqhubi womnyango.

Ngokwembono yobunjineli, izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifunekayo bubunzima bamagqabi, ububanzi bokuvula, imijikelo yemihla ngemihla elindelekileyo, umlinganiselo womjikelo womsebenzi, kunye nengqiqo yokulawula.

Umzekelo, ukuba i-lobby ibona iipasi ezingama-4,000 ukuya kuma-8,000 ngosuku, umqhubi, iirola, ithrekhi, kunye nomlawuli kufuneka zikhethwe njengeseti ehambelanayo kunokuba zibe zizinto ezizimeleyo.

Kungoko ke umahluko phakathi kwemoto yomnyango ozenzekelayo kunye nomsebenzisi womnyango ozenzekelayo ubalulekile.

Injini inika amandla okuqhuba, kodwa umqhubi uquka ingqiqo yokulawula, uthumelo, kunye nentshukumo edibeneyo efunekayo ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokuthembekileyo kwezorhwebo.

Kwiiprojekthi ezininzi, olo didi lolwahluko phakathi kwexesha elilula kunye neefowuni zenkonzo eziphindaphindwayo.

Xa umnyango kufuneka uxhase ukhuseleko okanye ulawulo lokufikelela emva kweeyure zomsebenzi, udibanise inkqubo yomnyango wezorhwebo kunyeinzwakwayeiimodyuli zolawulo lokufikelelakudala amava omsebenzisi acocekileyo nakhuselekileyo.

Indlela yokukhetha ucango oluzenzekelayo olutyibilikayo kwizakhiwo zorhwebo

Ucango oluzenzekelayo oluya ngokuzenzekelayo lukhethwa ngokwemithwalo, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nemida yendawo, kungekhona ngokubonakala kwekhathalogu.

Qala ngobunzima begqabi lomnyango kunye nobubanzi bokuvula, kuba ezi zichaza ngokuthe ngqo umthamo womqhubi owufunayo.

Emva koko jonga ithrafikhi elindelekileyo yemihla ngemihla, kuba inkqubo eqinileyo ngokwetekhnoloji kodwa enomda webhayisekile iya kusilela kwisakhiwo esixakekileyo.

Okokugqibela, qinisekisa ubunzulu bentloko, ukufumaneka kwamandla, iimfuno zendlela yokubaleka, kunye nokufikelela kulondolozo ngaphambi kokuba ugqibezele iodolo.

Kwiiprojekthi ezininzi, impazamo yokuthenga igxile kwinkcazo yesihloko esinye ngelixa ingahoywa imeko yokusebenza.

Ucango oluzolileyo lwelobby kunye nocango lokungena olunezithuthi ezininzi azifani, nokuba zombini ziingcango ezityibilikayo ezizenzekelayo.

Okukhona umthwalo womjikelo uphezulu, kokukhona kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuvavanya iindawo ezigugileyo, iireyile zesikhokelo, umgangatho webhanti, kunye nozinzo lomlawuli.

Ukuba indawo ifuna ukusebenza ngamandla aphantsi kunye nokufikelela okulawulwayo, beka phambili inkqubo enokuhambelana nabafundi bekhadi, amaqhosha okucofa, izinzwa zokuhamba, kunye ne-logic yokukhulula imeko engxamisekileyo.

Kwiiprojekthi ezibandakanya ii-ofisi okanye ii-ofisi zokungena kwezonyango,ucango lweglasi oluzenzekelayoIinkqubo zihlala zikhethwa kuba zigcina ukubonakala ngelixa zisaxhasa ithrafikhi ephezulu.

Umnyango otyibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo xa kuthelekiswa nomnyango otyibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo wezakhiwo ezinezithuthi ezininzi

Iinkqubo zomnyango otyibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo zihlala zingcono kwiindawo ezinezithuthi ezininzi kuba zinika indawo eninzi esebenzisekayo kwaye zinciphisa iingxabano zokuvala iingcango.

Iingcango zokujika ezizenzekelayo zisenexabiso, kodwa zihlala zingcono kwiipaseji ezincinci, amagumbi angaphakathi, okanye kwiimeko apho ukuvulwa kwesakhiwo sele kuthanda igqabi elinomqolo.

Isigqibo siba nzima ngakumbi kwiiprojekthi zokulungisa izinto, apho imeko ekhoyo yesakhelo okanye yodonga inokwenza ukufakwa kokutyibilika kube nzima.

Kwezo meko, umqhubi we-swing unokuba yinkqubo yomnyango wezorhwebo esebenzayo ngakumbi nokuba ayisosisombululo sendlela esisebenzayo.

Kwizakhiwo ezifuna ukuhamba kakuhle, ucango oluzenzekelayo olutyibilikayo ludla ngokuba lolona khetho lokuqala ekufuneka luhlolwe.

Kwizakhiwo ezinesakhiwo esincinci sentloko okanye apho ucango sele luyilo olunezinti, umqhubi wocango olujijekayo oluzenzekelayo unokuba lolona khetho lungcono lokuphumeza.

Yiyo loo nto amaqela amaninzi obunjineli ethelekisa omabiniumqhubi wocango olutyibilikayo oluzenzekelayokwayeumqhubi wocango olujija ngokuzenzekelayoukhetho ngaphambi kokuba bachaze inkqubo yokugqibela yokungena.

Iinkcukacha zobugcisa ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yomnyango worhwebo

Ezona nkcukacha ziluncedo zezo zixela kwangaphambili ixesha lokusebenza, ukhuseleko, kunye neendleko zokulungisa.

Kwindawo yokungena enabantu abaninzi, umthwalo olinganisiweyo womqhubi, isantya sokuvula, isantya sokuvala, kunye nempendulo yolawulo zibaluleke ngaphezu kwamabango okuthengisa.

Ukufikeleleka kunye nocwangciso olunemilinganiselo kufuneka kuthathwe njengemida yobunjineli, kungekhona izinto eziza kwenziwa emva koko.

Umzekelo,I-ISO 21542:2011ibonelela ngezinto ezifunekayo ukuze kufikeleleke kwisakhiwo ezihambelana ngqo noyilo lokungena olungenazithintelo, kwayeImigangatho ye-ADA ka-2010 yoYilo olufikelelekayozisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zase-US ukukhokela ucwangciso lwendlela olucacileyo nolufikelelekayo.

Xa iprojekthi ifuna ulawulo lokungena kunye nokuzilawula kwentshukumo, indlela echanekileyo idla ngokudibanisa umqhubi neseti yenzwa ehambelanayo kunye ne-interface yokutshixa.

Yiyo loo ntoinzwakwayeinkqubo yolawulo lokufikelelaidla ngokugqiba impumelelo yehlabathi lokwenyani ngaphezu kwemoto ngokwayo.

Ukuba umnini wesakhiwo ufuna i-lobby eneglasi enomhlobiso wanamhlanje, inkqubo yomnyango kufuneka ichazwe kuqala ukuze isebenze kwaye ibonakale emva koko.

Iimeko zokwenyani: ucwangciso lokungena eofisini, esibhedlele, nakwiivenkile ezinkulu

Izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zigxininisa ucango oluzenzekelayo olutyibilikayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

I-ofisi yokwamkela iindwendwe idla ngokuqwalasela kuqala umfanekiso, ukuhamba kweendwendwe, kunye nokudibanisa nee-turnstiles okanye ukufikelela kwiibheji.

Isango lesibhedlele libeka phambili indlela ecocekileyo yokungena ngaphandle kokuchukumisa, ukususwa kwebhedi yokulala, kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo xa kusetyenziswa rhoqo.

Umnyango wokuthengisa ubeka phambili ukuvulwa rhoqo, ukubonakala ngokucacileyo, kunye nokuqina xa kuthelekiswa nezihlwele zabantu abakwixesha leholide.

Ezi azizozahluko zobuhle; zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhetho lobubanzi bomnyango, ipateni yesenzi, kunye neempawu zomsebenzi womqhubi.

• Izakhiwo zeeofisi zihlala zifuna ulawulo lokufikelela oluhambelanayo kunye nendlela ephucukileyo yokunyakaza.
• Izibhedlele zihlala zifuna imingxuma ebanzi ecacileyo, ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuchukumisa, kunye nokuziphatha okuthembekileyo okukhusela ukungaphumeleli.
• Iivenkile ezithengisa izinto zihlala zifuna impendulo ekhawulezileyo, izinto eziqinileyo, kunye nokufikelela okulula ekulungisweni.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, intsapho enye yemveliso ayifaneli kakuhle yonke indawo yokungena.

Iiprojekthi ezininzi zorhwebo nazo zisebenzisaucango lweglasi oluzenzekelayoifomathi kwindawo engaphambili kwendlu kunye nesisombululo esahlukileyo sokungena kwinkonzo yesithuthi esingasemva kwendlu.

Loo mahluko anokuphucula amava abathengi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Uluhlu lokufaka nokugcina iingcango zokungena ezinezithuthi ezininzi

Ukufakela ngokufanelekileyo yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekuboniseni ukuthembeka kwexesha elide.

Kwanocango oluzenzekelayo olutyibilikayo lungasebenzi kakuhle ukuba ulungelelwaniso lwendlela, indawo yesensa, okanye amanyathelo okuqalisa akhawuleziswa.

Iingxaki zenkonzo eziqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zeengcango zorhwebo zihlala zinxulunyaniswa nongcoliseko, iirola ezigugileyo, ukulungelelaniswa okungekho semgangathweni, okanye ukuhlanganiswa okungazinzanga kokufikelela.

1. Qinisekisa ubunzulu bentloko, amandla odonga, kunye nombane phambi kokufakwa.
2. Qinisekisa ubunzima begqabi, ububanzi bokuvula, kunye nomgama wokuhamba ngokuchasene nomlinganiselo womqhubi.
3. Misela iindawo zokufumanisa inzwa ukuze ucango luvuleke ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzisi aqhagamshelane nayo.
4. Vavanya indlela yokuvala iinqwelo, izitulo ezinamavili, kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo abahamba kancinci.
5. Jonga ukukhululwa kwimeko engxamisekileyo, ingqiqo yokutshixa, kunye nokuziphatha kwe-backup.
6. Cwangcisa ukugcinwa kokuthintela kwiirola, iitrekhi, iibhanti, kunye neesensa.

Ukugcinwa kwezindlu ngononophelo kubaluleke kakhulu kwizakhiwo ezinomswakama ophezulu, uthuli, okanye ezisetyenziswa kakhulu imihla ngemihla.

Kulapho ke apho kungasetyenziswa khonaiindawo zomnyango ezizenzekelayoiba luncedo kakhulu ekusebenzeni, kuba ukutshintshwa okuhambelanayo kunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi xa indawo ifuna inkonzo engxamisekileyo.

Kwimisebenzi yokulungisa izinto, ukuhambelana kufanele kuhlolwe ngaphambi kokuba iyunithi ekhoyo isuswe, ingakumbi ukuba iprojekthi ixhomekeke ekuvulweni kwakhona ngaloo mini inye.

Indlela imigangatho kunye nemithetho yokufikeleleka echaphazela ngayo uyilo lokungena

Imigangatho ibalulekile kuba iguqula iinjongo ezilungileyo zibe ziimfuno ezinokulinganiswa.

Kwiindawo zokungena zorhwebo, eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yoyilo idla ngokuvela ekufikelelekeni, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuhambelana okulinganayo.

I-ISO 21542:2011iluncedo kucwangciso lokujikeleza ngaphandle kwemiqobo, ngelixa iiprojekthi zase-US zihlala zibhekisa kwiIsikhokelo seBhodi yoFikelelo yase-US malunga nokungena, iingcango, kunye namasangoukuze kutolikwe ngendlela esebenzayo.

Ukuze kufumaneke ukuchaneka kobukhulu, iireferensi ze-SI ze-NIST zixhasa ucwangciso oluhambelanayo kwiimilimitha kunye neemitha, nto leyo ibalulekileyo xa kubalwa iindawo zokuvula, ukuhamba kweengcango, kunye nokunyamezela ukufakwa.

Ingcinga ephambili ilula: ucango oluzitshixayo oluzenzekelayo kufuneka kube lula ukulufikelela, kube lula ukuludlula, kwaye lube nokuqikelelwa xa luhamba.

Kwizakhiwo ezinezithuthi ezininzi, ukufikeleleka akuyonto nje yokujonga ukuthobela imithetho; yinxalenye yolawulo lwezithuthi.

Inkqubo ebanzi, elungisiweyo kakuhle yomnyango wezorhwebo inciphisa ukuxinana kwaye iphucula amava kubo bonke abantu, kuquka abantu abanezixhobo zokuhamba, iinqwelo zokuhambisa, kunye neentsapho ezineenqwelwana.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo xa uthenga ucango oluzenzekelayo olutyibilikayo

Impazamo ebiza kakhulu kukukhetha ucango ngokubonakala kwalo kwaye ungayinaki umthwalo wokusebenza.

Enye impazamo eqhelekileyo kukuchaza umqhubi ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ubunzima begqabi lomnyango kunye nemeko yesakhelo.

Amaqela ngamanye amaxesha ayazichaza kakuhle iisensa, aze afumanise ukuba ukuthembeka kokuvula kuyawohloka xa kukho ingxinano enkulu.

Okokugqibela, iiprojekthi ezininzi zokulungisa izinto aziphumeleli kuba ukufikelela kulondolozo akuzange kucingelwe ngexesha loyilo.

• Musa ukucinga ukuba zonke iingcango ezityibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo ziyatshintshana.
• Musa ukungawunaki ubunzulu bentloko kunye nenkxaso yesakhiwo.
• Musa ukuphatha ulawulo lokufikelela njengento yokongeza xa ukhuseleko lubalulekile.
• Musa ukufaka ngaphandle kokuvavanya imeko engxamisekileyo kunye nokuziphatha okukhuselekileyo.

Xa ezi ngxaki zingathintelwa, indawo yokungena isebenza njengenkqubo yezithuthi ezizinzileyo kwaye ayifani nengxaki yokulungisa ephindaphindayo.

Elo lixabiso lokwenene lomnyango wokungena ocwangciswe kakuhle onezithuthi ezininzi.

Isisombululo esingcono kakhulu somnyango otyibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo ngokwetyala lokusetyenziswa

Isisombululo esingcono sixhomekeke kwindlela abantu abahamba ngayo kwisakhiwo.

Kwisibhedlele okanye kwikliniki, beka phambili indawo evulekileyo, ukuva ngaphandle kokuchukumisa, kunye nokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo emsebenzini.

Kwisakhiwo seofisi, beka phambili ulawulo lokufikelela, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokugqitywa koyilo olucocekileyo.

Kwivenkile ethengisa izinto ezithengiswayo, beka phambili impendulo ekhawulezileyo, ukuqina, kunye nokulungiswa okulula.

Ukuba umnyango ufana nowe-façade yezorhwebo ebekwe ngaphambili yiglasi, inkqubo ehambelanayo eyakhelweumqhubi wocango olutyibilikayo oluzenzekelayoidla ngokubonelela ngolungelelwano olungcono kakhulu lwemveliso kunye nembonakalo.

Ukuba iprojekthi ilungelelaniswe kakuhle kwaye inobunzulu obuncinci besakhiwo, kufuneka ichazwe ngononopheloumqhubi wocango olujija ngokuzenzekelayoisenokuba lolona khetho lunokwenzeka ngakumbi.

FAQ

Ngowuphi ucango oluzenzekelayo olulungele isakhiwo esinezithuthi ezininzi?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo kukusebenzisa umatshini wokutyibiliza ozenzekelayo ohambelana nobunzima bomnyango, ububanzi bokuvula, kunye neemfuno zomjikelo wemihla ngemihla.

Ndingayikhetha njani inkqubo yomnyango wezorhwebo kwindawo yokungena eofisini?

Khetha ngokwenani leemoto ezidlulayo, iimfuno zolawulo lokufikelela, ubuhle bomnyango, kunye nokufikelela kulondolozo, uze uqinisekise umlinganiselo womqhubi ngaphambi kokuba uthenge.

Ngaba ucango olutyibilikayo oluzenzekelayo lungcono kunocango olutyibilikayo oluzenzekelayo lokungena kwabantu abaxakekileyo?

Ewe, kwiimeko ezininzi, kuba inkqubo yokutyibilika igcina indawo kwaye iphatha ithrafikhi ephindaphindwayo ngokufanelekileyo.

Zeziphi iinkcukacha ezibaluleke kakhulu kumnyango wokungena onezithuthi ezininzi?

Ubunzima bomnyango, ububanzi bokuvula, ukunyamezela komjikelo, ukuthembeka kwenzwa, kunye nokuziphatha okungxamisekileyo zezona zinto zibalulekileyo.

Ngaba iingcango ezityibilikayo ngokuzenzekelayo zingasebenza neenkqubo zokulawula ukufikelela?

Ewe, zihlala zidityaniswe nezifundi zamakhadi, iisensa, iiswitshi ezinekhowudi, kunye neemodyuli zolawulo olukude.

Ngaba iingcango ezityibilikayo ezizenzekelayo zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo?

Ewe, ukugcinwa kokuthintela kubalulekile kwiirola, iitrakhi, iisensa, kunye nezixhobo zokuqhuba, ingakumbi kwizakhiwo ezixakekileyo.

Ndingacinga nini ngokutshintsha izinto ezifakelweyo endaweni yokulungisa?

Ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo kudla ngokuba yinto efanelekileyo xa ukuhambelana kwezixhobo kungahambelani kakuhle, ixesha lokungasebenzi lixhaphakile, okanye inkqubo ekhoyo ingakwazi ukuxhasa imfuno yendlela ekhoyo.